Leprosy, Hansen’s diseases

Leprosy, Hansen’s diseases

Leprosy / Hansen’s disease is a chronic granulomatous disease primarily affecting the skin, peripheral nerves, and mucosa of the upper respiratory tract (URT). It is caused by Mycobacterium leprae, an NTM (non-tuberculosis mycobacteria)

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) is a highly infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It typically attacks the lungs, but can also affect other body parts.

Eye infection

Eye infection

Eye infection is the condition in which infection occurs when bacteria, fungi, parasites, or viruses invade the eyes.

Ear infection

Ear infection

The infection of the ear is known as otitis and is classified into 3 types- Otitis externa, Otitis media, Otitis interna. Normal microbial flora of the ear includes- Pneumococci, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacteriaceae, etc.

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease, PID

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease, PID

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) is an infection that results when cervical micro-organisms travel upward to the endothelium (inner membrane of the uterus), fallopian tube, cervix, and ovaries.

Bacterial vaginosis

Bacterial vaginosis

Bacterial vaginosis is an unpleasant but mild condition characterized by malodorous (unpleasant smell) vaginal discharge due to disbalance in normal vaginal flora. It is more commonly present in females of the age group (15-44).

Genital tract infections

Genital tract infections

Genital tract infections are mostly caused by resident microbial flora which becomes pathogenic due to immunosuppression, pH change, or excessive build-up of microflora. It can be differentiated into exogenous (STI) and endogenous.

Oral infections

Oral infections

Oral infections Oral infection in humans can manifest as Gingivitis, Anaerobic infection - Periodontitis, Salivary gland infection, Mandibular abscess. The manifestations may range from mild (Gingivitis) to severe (Mandibular abscess).

Meningitis

Meningitis

Infection within subarachnoid space or throughout the leptomeninges is called meningitis. The infection of meninges, which is life-threatening, is known as meningitis. In order for meninges to be infected Blood-brain barrier must be crossed.

Infective endocarditis

Infective endocarditis

Infective endocarditis is infective inflammation of the endocardium (inner lining of the heart) where especially heart valves are involved. The infection is caused by cardiac abnormalities such as congenital valvular disease, direct trauma from IV catheters, etc.